[PDF] Lung Ultrasound for Imaging of B-Lines in Dogs and Cats—A Prospective Study Investigating Agreement between Three Types of Transducers and the Accuracy in Diagnosing Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema, Pneumonia and Lung Neoplasia | Semantic Scholar (2024)

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A lung ultrasound (LUS)-based diagnostic algorithm is developed which allows one to distinguish between bacterial pneumonia and lung neoplasm in a dyspneic dog with high probability of a conclusive result (91%) and high accuracy (>95%).

A standard methodological protocol was developed, and the name RATTUS (Rat Thoracic Ultrasound) was proposed, to be used for a standard/routine thoracic ultrasound examination in pet rats.

It seems justified to include the TUSX diagnostic protocol in daily veterinary practice and to encourage owners to prepare home-made face masks for inhaled fluticasone treatment to improve long-term clinical status of animals.

The results indicate excellent intra‐ and interrater reliability for LUS scoring and pattern identification, providing a foundation for the use of the LUSS in emergency medicine and intensive care.

The cardiac left insufficiency with mitral dysfunction is a relevant cardiac pathology with importante repercussion in the lung, leads to pulmonary edema, which when treated immediately and correctly tends to present a favorable prognosis in affected dogs.

It was discovered that therapeutic measures for pulmonary oedema are effective in considering aetiological factors, although at the first stage, for both forms of pulmonary Oedema, they are aimed at reducing and eliminating the manifestations of acute respiratory failure.

Clinical issues include the potential contribution of rhodococcal infection to a grave outcome in a prematurely born foal lost as a yearling, so-called “extrapulmonary disorders” (EPD), a hypothesis of inherited immunodeficiency with grave outcomes in a breeding dam line from one stud, and macrolide-induced anhidrosis.

The surgical intervention, a hypophysectomy, is a relatively novel treatment option for this condition and the post-operative nursing care is imperative to ensure a positive outcome.

Use of thoracic ultrasonography and detection of B lines as techniques for diagnosing cardiogenic pulmonary edema in dogs was supported and the locations of B line artifacts appeared consistent with locations of edema on radiographs.

The low frequency and number of ultrasound lung rockets observed in dogs without respiratory disease and with radiographically normal lungs suggests that Vet BLUE will be clinically useful for the identification of canine respiratory conditions.

Lung ultrasound examination showed good diagnostic accuracy to identify cardiogenic PE and might be helpful in staging dogs with CVHD and should be considered as a new, noninvasive diagnostic tool for clinicians managing CVHD in dogs.

In dogs with a clinical history of cough, this imaging modality could be diagnostically useful, particularly to help exclude the possibility of underlying CPE.

A regionally based LUS protocol may be clinically useful for the identification and evaluation of feline respiratory conditions and the lack of B-lines in cats without respiratory disease (with radiographically normal lungs) and the predominance of B. lines in cats with left-sided CHF suggest that.

LUS and TXR were both useful to detect and categorize distribution of alveolar or interstitial pulmonary pathology and both detected differences in distribution of AIS based on final diagnosis, suggesting that a regional pattern-based approach to thoracic imaging may prove diagnostically useful.

The main application of lung ultrasound (LUS) for the cardiologist is the assessment of B-lines, which are reverberation artifacts, originating from water-thickened pulmonary interlobular septa, present in pulmonary congestion.

By using this tool, the intensivist may more confidently manage acute dyspnea and make emergency therapeutic decisions based on reproducible data, and reduced requirements for computed tomographic scans, therefore decreasing delay, irradiation, cost, and above all, discomfort to the patient.

This is the first report of IE and myocarditis diagnosed in small animals using focused cardiac ultrasound examination and it is concluded that common usage of this technique by trained general veterinarians may increase the rate of diagnosed patients with these conditions.

Thirty-eight recommendations for the use of lung ultrasound in internal medicine were established as well as discussed and subjected to secret voting in three rounds, and a consensus on all 38 recommendations was established.

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